In the use of automobile axles, especially the rolling bearings on the front axles working under high temperature, high speed and high load conditions for a long time, they are often prone to wear, ablation, spots, cracks and fatigue spalling, and early damage occurs.
Rolling bearings are highly standardized parts with good interchangeability and low consumption of lubricants. Most of them can be lubricated with grease, easy to use and maintain, reliable in work, static friction torque close to dynamic friction torque, good starting performance, and high load carrying capacity at medium speeds . However, the service life is low at high speed and the noise is louder. According to the bearing direction, rolling bearings can be divided into radial bearings and thrust bearings.
(1) The contact stress on the working surface of the rolling bearing on the front axle is too large, and the load bearing surface is worn and fatigued. This damage increases the axial and radial clearances of the bearing, generates noise during the work of the front axle, and destroys the correct position of its mating shaft. According to the bench test, it is known that the law of bearing damage is generally that the cage undergoes permanent deformation after being subjected to dynamic load, and then cracks from the joint. The cage is sheared, and the steel balls between the bearing raceways are stuck and cannot rotate freely, causing the local unit pressure to be too high and being crushed, causing large pieces of metal on the working surface to peel off and damage.
(2) Abnormal wear on the mating surfaces of the inner and outer races of the bearing. The wear of the front axle under normal use conditions is not large, but when sand or hard particles invade the bearing, insufficient lubrication or deterioration of lubricating oil, it is prone to rapid wear, which increases the clearance between the rolling surfaces and deforms the parts. Destroy the normal operation of bearings and related parts. The ball (column) of the rolling bearing is broken, scratched, and the spacer is loose. Poor assembly and adjustment, especially if the seat ring is installed on the front axle to make it tight, the method of disassembly and assembly is improper, and mutual friction and wear during work make the rolling elements loose and fall off and squeeze the bearing.
At the same time, check the tightening of the front axle steering gear bracket bolts, and check the connection and tightening of the steering arm shaft and the steering arm. Check the tightness of the front axle (axle) wheel hub bearing, check and eliminate the oil leakage of the steering gear (the front axle drive vehicle should include the front axle housing), and tighten the sealing bolts of the housing. Check the lubricating oil level of the steering gear (the front axle drive vehicle includes the final drive housing) and add lubricating oil. The vent holes should be cleared.
