Car suspension can be divided into many forms. Generally speaking, it is mainly divided into two categories, independent suspension and non-independent suspension. So how to distinguish independent suspension and non-independent suspension?
Independent suspension can be simply understood as that there is no rigid connection between the left and right wheels, and all the suspension parts of one wheel are only connected to the body. The two wheels of non-independent suspension are not independent of each other, and there is a rigid axle for rigid connection between them. From the structural point of view, the independent suspension can have better comfort and handling because there is no interference between the two wheels. The non-independent suspension has a rigid connection between the two wheels, which will interfere with each other, but its structure is simple, and it has better rigidity and passability.
Macpherson suspension is a common suspension, mainly composed of A-type wishbone and damping mechanism. The fork arm is connected to the wheel and mainly bears the lateral force and longitudinal force at the lower end of the wheel. The upper part of the vibration damping mechanism is connected with the car body, and the lower part is connected with the fork arm, which undertakes the tasks of damping and supporting the car body, and at the same time bears the lateral force of the upper end of the wheel. The Macpherson-style independent suspension is characterized by its simple structure, light weight and small space occupation, and the faster the response speed and rebound speed, so the suspension has a relatively strong shock absorption capacity. However, Macpherson has a simple structure and light weight, so the ability to resist roll and brake nodding is weak, and the stability is poor. At present, the MacPherson suspension is mostly used for the front suspension of a family car.
Double wishbone suspension (double A-arm, double wishbone suspension), its structure can be understood as adding a wishbone to the MacPherson suspension. The fork arm on the upper part of the wheel is connected to the car body, and the lateral and longitudinal forces of the wheel are borne by the fork arm. At this time, the vibration damping mechanism is only responsible for supporting the car body and damping vibration. Since the lateral force and longitudinal force of the wheel are borne by the two sets of wishbone, the strength and impact resistance of the double wishbone suspension is much stronger than that of the McPherson suspension, and it can well restrain the roll and roll when the vehicle is turning. Brake nodded the first question. Double wishbone suspension usually adopts up and down unequal-length wishbones (upper short and lower length), allowing the wheels to automatically change the camber angle and reduce the change of the track to reduce tire wear when the wheels move up and down, and can adapt to the road surface and the tires are grounded. Large area and good grounding. Since the double-wishbone suspension has an upper rocker arm more than the McPherson suspension double-wishbone, it takes up a larger space and the positioning parameters are more difficult to determine. Therefore, the front axle of a small car has less space and cost considerations Use this kind of suspension.
The stabilizer bar is also called the balance bar, which is mainly used to prevent the body from tilting and maintain the body's balance. The two ends of the stabilizer bar are respectively fixed on the left and right suspensions. When the car turns, the outer suspension will press against the stabilizer bar, and the stabilizer bar will bend. The elastic force generated by the deformation can prevent the wheels from lifting, so that the body can maintain balance as much as possible. In the suspension damping mechanism, in addition to the shock absorber, there will be a spring. Why do we need a spring with a shock absorber? In fact, their cooperation is needed to complete the task of damping.
When the vehicle is driving on uneven roads, the spring will deform after being impacted by the ground, and the spring will vibrate back and forth when it needs to be restored to the prototype, which will obviously affect the handling and comfort of the car. The shock absorber plays a role of damping the spring and restrains the spring from swinging back and forth. In this way, when the car passes through uneven roads, it will not stop shaking.
