As we all know, commercial trucks generally adopt the arrangement method of front engine and rear axle drive. Under normal circumstances, the front axle is a steering axle, and the drive axle is on the rear axle. The front axle assembly is mainly composed of the front axle, steering knuckle, king pin, brake drum, and wheel hub. The two ends of the axle are hinged with the steering knuckle, and the middle part of the front axle is an I-beam or a hollow beam, that is, the front axle tube.
The automobile steering axle uses the steering knuckle in the axle to make the wheels deflect to a certain angle to realize the steering of the automobile. In addition to bearing the vertical load, the front axle assembly also bears the longitudinal force and the lateral force and the moment caused by these forces. The steering axle is usually located in the front of the car, so it is often called the front axle. The car's engine is installed at the front end, which makes it impossible to install the drive device on the front axle, so the rear axle is used for driving.
The structure of the integral steering axle of various models is basically the same, mainly consisting of a front axle and a steering knuckle.
The front axle, which is the main part, is forged from steel, and its cross-section is I-shaped to improve bending strength. In order to improve the torsional strength, the near ends are slightly square. Two widened surfaces for supporting the leaf spring are machined in the middle, called spring seats. The middle of the front axle is bent downwards to lower the position of the engine, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the car, expanding the driver’s field of vision, and reducing the angle between the drive shaft and the output shaft of the transmission.
Rear drive axle refers to the axle that provides power output for trucks. Rear-drive models generally have two-wheel drive and single-wheel drive.
There is no power output on the supporting bridge, which only plays a bearing role. The middle or rear axle of a three-axle car driven by a single axle is a support bridge, and the axles on a trailer are all support bridges. There is also a form of suspension bridge in the supporting bridge.
Suspension bridge refers to a bridge that can float up and down. The structure is basically similar to that of ordinary support bridges. It has an additional lifting mechanism. When the truck is heavily loaded, the suspension bridge is lowered to carry weight. No load or light load is to lift the suspension bridge to reduce fuel consumption.
Steering drive axle: A drive axle with steering function is more common in passenger cars, and commercial trucks are generally available in all-wheel drive vehicles.
The disconnected drive axle has a complex structure and high cost, but it greatly increases the ground clearance; reduces the unsprung mass, thereby improving driving comfort and increasing the average speed of the car; reducing the role of the car when driving The dynamic load on the wheels and axles increases the service life of the parts; due to the contact between the driving wheels and the ground and the better adaptability to various terrains, the anti-skid ability of the wheels is greatly increased; The coordinated independent suspension guiding mechanism is designed reasonably, which can increase the understeer effect of the car and improve the steering stability of the car. This drive axle is widely used in cars and high-passability off-road vehicles.
